In this situation, the HIV patient develops antibodies that attach to platelets as though they were an invading organism. When the damaged platelets circulate through the spleen, the attached antibody destroys them. When the bone marrow is suppressed due to radiation, chemotherapy, or other drugs that damage the bone marrow, production of new platelets is impaired. Malignancies of the bone marrow, such as leukemia, often cause the bone marrow to produce so many white blood cells that platelet production drops.
Treatment for thrombocytopenia involves treating the disease condition that is affecting platelet production or causing platelet destruction. Another name for platelets is thrombocytes.
Healthcare providers usually call a clot a thrombus. Once platelets are made and circulated into your bloodstream, they live for 8 to 10 days. Under a microscope, a platelet looks like a tiny plate. Your healthcare provider may do a blood test called a complete blood count to find out if your bone marrow is making the right number of platelets:. Your risk for bleeding develops if a platelet count falls below 10, to 20, When the platelet count is less than 50,, bleeding is likely to be more serious if you're cut or bruised.
Some people make too many platelets. They can have platelet counts from , to more than 1 million. These are health conditions linked to abnormal platelets or abnormal platelet counts:.
In this condition, your bone marrow makes too few platelets. Or your platelets are destroyed. If your platelet count gets too low, bleeding can occur under the skin as a bruise. Medical treatment can only be given with your consent. You may decide not to have a platelet transfusion. It is important to tell your doctor or nurse if you decide not to have treatment.
They will record your decision in your medical notes. You do not have to give a reason, but it can be helpful to tell the staff your concerns, so they can give you the best advice.
If this affects you, talk to your doctor about other treatments or ways to manage a low platelet count. Platelets come from people who donate their blood. In most cases, platelets do not need to be matched to your blood group in the same way as a blood transfusion. The platelets for transfusion are yellow-coloured and stored in small plastic bags.
Platelets are given by a drip infusion into one of your veins. A nurse will put a short, thin tube cannula into a vein in your arm or hand. This is then connected to a drip. If you have a central line or PICC line , your nurse can connect this to your drip instead.
The transfusion usually takes 15 to 30 minutes. You may have it in an outpatient clinic, in a day unit, or as an inpatient. The transfusion increases the number of platelets in your blood straight away. But sometimes the benefits do not last long, and you may need more transfusions. During the transfusion, your nurse will regularly check your temperature, pulse and blood pressure.
This is to make sure you are not having a reaction to the platelets. The nurses will check you for any reactions. They will stop the transfusion and quickly treat any symptoms. Tell your nurse straight away if you feel unwell during your transfusion.
Rarely, if you have had lots of platelet transfusions, your platelet count may not improve after a transfusion. This is called becoming refractory or resistant to platelets. If this happens, you will have tests to find the cause. It makes up a little over half of your total blood. Plasma helps move water, nutrients, minerals, medications, and hormones throughout your body. It also carries waste products to your kidneys. Then your kidneys filter out the waste products from your blood.
Plasma is made up of water, protein, lipids fats. It carries water, fat-soluble nutrients, and other substances to and from the different organs. Your feedback will help us improve the information we provide to patients and caregivers. We read every comment, but we're not able to respond. If you have questions about your care, contact your healthcare provider. For more resources, visit www.
This information explains the different parts of your blood and their functions.
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